Self management can enhance life long learning Essay

The European Union free essay sample

The accompanying article analyzes the European Union and the degree of this bodys power. This paper analyzes the European Unions developing forces in the zones of financial aspects, law and legislative issues, vitality, natural issues, travel, training, security, innovation, correspondences, associations with non-part states (counting help to different nations), and future administration. From the paper: The EU keeps on tending to and administer in the territory of vitality also. Euratom was remembered for the Treaties of Rome in 1956-7. The vitality emergency of the 70s was a particular test to the Community, and a vitality commission was built up in 1975. Nuclear vitality has consistently been a hotly debated issue among the EU heads, and the European Energy Charter of the mid 90s was huge (Europa, 2001). In 1996, methodologies for sustainable power sources were examined.

The Importance of Including Your Friends and Family in Your Essay

The Importance of Including Your Friends and Family in Your EssayHave you ever written an essay about yourself? If you haven't, you are not alone. Writing a self-portrait essay is a great way to turn something about yourself into a story. If you're creative and possess the skills, this can be quite a satisfying exercise in your life.But what should be included in the essay? Is it really necessary to include yourself as the main character? Some people might think it's unfair to make their personal life the focus of the piece.Unfortunately, personal essays have become quite common nowadays. This is because writing about yourself is becoming a more popular way of expressing oneself, even if he or she does not want to admit it. It's an easy way of presenting your ideas without feeling like an object of scorn and ridicule.In writing your own essay, you don't necessarily have to write about yourself exclusively. You can certainly include your family and friends if they are part of your gro up of friends.What's more, if you would rather not include your family and friends in your work, you can also write about them, but no longer as a main focus. Many writers go through various stages of writer's block when writing about themselves. It is a natural stage for many writers to experience, especially if they do not have the right encouragement to keep going. If this is the case, why not include some of your friends or family in your essay?If you have included them in your piece, you could simply reference them in your sentence or paragraph summary or in a conclusion. Having them in the essay helps bring the focus away from the writer and puts it on the reader. And that's exactly what we are trying to achieve, isn't it?By including your friends and family in your own essay, it gives the focus away from the writer. But if it's a personal essay about me, or a work of fiction, it still makes sense to include them as it's all about me. In the end, everyone deserves to be heard. Writing about yourself in your own essay is a wonderful way to share yourself with others. Write about yourself, present your ideas and opinions, and talk about yourself and your experiences. Because the thing about writing is that no one will read your essay unless you tell them.

Pierre Curie - Biography and Achievements

Pierre Curie was a French physicist, physical chemist, and Nobel laureate. Most people are familiar with his wifes accomplishments (Marie Curie), yet dont realize the importance of Pierres work. He pioneered scientific research in the fields of magnetism, radioactivity, piezoelectricity, and crystallography. Heres a brief biography of this famous scientist and a list of his most notable achievements. Birth: May 15, 1859 in Paris, France, son of Eugene Curie and Sophie-Claire Depouilly Curie Death: April 19, 1906 in Paris, France in a street accident. Pierre was crossing a street in the rain, slipped, and fell under a horse-drawn cart. He died instantly from a skull fracture when a wheel ran over his head. It is said Pierre tended to be absent-minded and unaware of his surroundings when he was thinking. Claim to Fame: Pierre Curie and his wife  Marie  shared half the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Henri Becquerel for their research into radiation.Pierre also received the Davy Medal in 1903. He was awarded the Matteucci Medal in 1904 and the Elliot Cresson Medal in 1909 (posthumously).Pierre and Marie also discovered the elements  radium  and  polonium.He also co-discovered the piezoelectric effect with his brother Jacques. The piezoelectric effect is where compressed crystals give off an electric field. In addition, Pierre and Jacques found crystals could deform when subjected to an electrical field. They invented the Piezoelectric Quartz Electrometer to aid in their investigations.Pierre developed a scientific instrument called the Curie Scale so that he might take accurate data.For his doctoral research, Pierre examined magnetism. He formulated a description of the relationship between temperature and magnetism that became known as Curies law, which uses a constant known as the Curie constant. He found there was a critical temperature above which ferromagnetic materials lose their behavior. That transition temperature is known as the Curie point. Pierres magnetism research is considered among his greatest contributions to science.Pierre Curie was a brilliant physicist. He is considered one of the founders of the field of modern physics.Pierre proposed the Curie Dissymmetry Principle, which states that a physical effect cannot have dissymmetry separate from its cause.The element curium, atomic number 96, is named in honor of Pierre and Marie Curie.Pierre and his student were the first to discover nuclear energy from heat emitted by radium. He observed radioactive particles might carry a positive, negative, or neutral charge. More Facts About Pierre Curie Pierres father, a doctor, provided his early education. Pierre earned a math degree at age 16 and had completed the requirements for a higher degree by age 18. He could not immediately afford to pursue his doctorate, so he worked as a lab instructor.Pierres friend, physicist Jozef Wierusz-Kowalski, introduced him to Marie Sklodowska. Marie became Pierres lab assistant and student. The first time Pierre proposed to Marie, she refused him, eventually agreeing to marry him on July 26, 1895.Pierre and Marie were the first to use the word radioactivity. A unit used to measure radioactivity, the Curie, is named in honor of either Marie or Pierre or both of them (a point of argument among historians).Pierre was interested in the paranormal, as he believed it might help him understand physics better and especially magnetism. He read books on spiritualism and attended seances, viewing them as scientific experiments. He took careful notes and measurements, concluding some phenomena he witnesse d did not appear to be faked and could not be explained.Pierre and Maries daughter Irene and son-in-law Frederic Joliot-Curie were physicists who studied radioactivity and also received Nobel prizes. The other daughter, Eve, was the only member of the family who was not a physicist. Eve wrote a biography about her mother, Marie. Pierre and Maries granddaughter Helene is a nuclear physics professor and grandson Pierre is a biochemist. Their parents were Irene and Frederic Joliot-Curie.  Pierre Joliot is named for Pierre Curie.

A Farewell To Arms Critique Essay Example For Students

A Farewell To Arms Critique Essay A Farewell to Arms CritiqueThe overall tone of the book is much different than that of The Sun Also Rises. The characters in the book are propelled by outside forces, in this case WWI, where the characters in SAR seemed to have no direction. Fredericks actions are determined by his position until he deserts the army. Floating down the river with barely a hold on a piece of wood his life, he abandons everything except Catherine and lets the river take him to a new life that becomes increasing difficult to underezd. The escape to Switzerland seemed too perfect for a book that set a tone of ugliness in the world that was only dotted with pure love like Henrys and Cats and I knew the story couldnt end with bliss in the slopes of Montreux. In a world where the abstracts of glory, honor, and sacrifice meant little to Frederick, his physical association with Catherine was the only thing he had and it was taken away from him long before she died. The love that Frederick and Catherine had for each other was more than could be explained in words and Frederick makes it known that words are not really effective at describing the flesh and blood details. Their love during an ugly war was not to be recreated or modeled even as much as through a baby conceived by their love. The baby could not be born alive because their love was beautiful yet doomed so that nothing could come out of it. Hemingways language is effective in leaving much to the readers interpretation and allowing a different image to form in each readers mind. The simple sentences and incomplete descriptions frees your imagination and inspires each person to develop their own bitter love story.

The Flu Pandemic Of 1918 Essays - Global Health, Animal Virology

The Flu Pandemic Of 1918 During the course of time certain incidents occur that change the course of our future and our thoughts. These incidents effect the population of the world either positively or negatively. Yet one event stood out to show how with the future brings both knowledge and power. Over the course of this century, scientific research has shown that modern medicine is not as exemplary as we would like it to be, since both we as people, and diseases are continuing a rapid growth or race to extinction of one another. For scientific comparisons, the 1918 Flu Pandemic will be the archetype. Since the beginning of time man has been haunted and tormented by one thing. Disease. Disease and bacteria have been causing great pain and strife to people since the beginning of time. From the Egyptian's to the pioneers, and now today. As many different forms of diseases break out, society often is caught looking back in history to judge what to do in situations. This includes diseases. Scientists and researchers still haven't found the direct cause of the Great Flu Pandemic of 1918, let alone many others that are taking place this very second. Diseases have damaged society for a long time, the bubonic plague that swept across Europe ?during the 1300s nearly half the population of Europe was killed by an epidemic of plague.?(Fettner Pg. 1) Widhalm 2 Though diseases have been lingering in human society since the dawn of time, many have fought back diseases by researching and creating vaccines and advances in medicine to help the ill. From penicillin to advanced surgery techniques and Antibiotics, the world has given its best shots to end disease but are still falling up a little short. Since the beginning of the infectious influenza, which has been taking the lives of many humans for centuries, it has always been consistent with its treatments and symptoms. The flu is well known for being on time. As most are aware of the flu comes about the same time each and every year. ?The name influenza derived from an observation made more than 200 years ago that epidemics of cough and fever occurred more frequently at certain times of the year. At the time, the conclusion was drawn that such epidemics occurred under the influence of particular constellations of planets?(Schullman 1). This information is clearly a misconception of medieval time's notion and beliefs. The flu is derived of three strains, A, B, and C, which each contain many different strains. Though a pandemic is scheduled every thirty to forty years, the latest and largest encounter of the flu was in 1918. ?The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 killed more people than the Great War, known today as World War I (WWI), at somewhere between 20 and 40 million people?(Stanford Studies Pg. 1). In the fall of 1918, a pandemic was spread all over the world killing millions of people. About 43,000 servicemen who were mobilized from WWI died from the outbreak. (Pg. 1). ?1918 would go down as unforgettable year of suffering and yet of peace?(Pg. 1). This statement is a great irony because it contradicts Widhalm 3 itself. It does this because WWI ended in the fall of 1918, so though there was great peace and joy now that the war was over, the pandemic spread before the joy of peace could even begin. Through the millions that suffered the ultimate consequence from the pandemic, 675,000 Americans lost their lives. An overall 28% of the American population was infected at one time. ?The Great War, with its mass movements of men in armies and aboard ships, probably aided in its rapid diffusion and attack? (Pg. 3) Many believe that the influenza pandemic erupted from the war. Through trench warfare and the use of biological weapons, many did believe that the war was the root cause. During the war at this time, the men stationed on fleets in the ocean and the men at the front, were all becoming ill and dying. Supposedly, in the later era of WWI, the flu was killing more men than the weapons were. (Pg. 3) Through all this time the society and lifestyles of countries everywhere were under the control of the

Free Essays on Feng Shui in Society

Did you ever wonder where and why we live the way we do? With the goal of answering it, the Chinese developed a tradition of techniques that combines commonsense, fine aesthetics, and mystical philosophy. This tradition, called Feng Shui, is both an art and a science that aims to ensure that all things are harmonious with their surroundings. The application of Feng Shui ranges from planning entire cities and empires to placing a guest at the dinner table; from the orientation of high-rise office buildings, to the interior decoration and furnishing of a house or a room. Not only is this system used in China, but also in other parts of Asia. It is also known as geomancy. In Korea it is called Pungsu and in Vietnam Dai Ly. Japan, Hong Kong, Amsterdam, London, Lucerne and Paris are among the various cities in the world that, in one form or another, used Feng Shui, to build their cities. Today Feng Shui is widely used in the Western world as well as Asia (Field 1998). In the Western world , New York City for example, Pun Yin served as a consultant to many businesses, family restaurants and private residences. Her expertise was used in numerous times to plan and develop the architectural base and interior decoration of residences and offices. This can involve the right location of object inside rooms, the selection of the right colors for a room and the appropriate location of entrances to houses or apartment buildings (Walters 1988). The Feng Shui masters calculate the balance or unbalance of natural energies in a home or business. Feng Shui deals with chi (energy). Since mass and energy are interchangeable, chi can be in the form of matter, energy or a combination of the two. Therefore, chi can be visible, invisible, or partially visible and partially invisible. The ancient Chinese classified all things of nature into five types: metal, water, wood, fire, and earth. In fact, all things are a combination of these primary bases. Different comb... Free Essays on Feng Shui in Society Free Essays on Feng Shui in Society Did you ever wonder where and why we live the way we do? With the goal of answering it, the Chinese developed a tradition of techniques that combines commonsense, fine aesthetics, and mystical philosophy. This tradition, called Feng Shui, is both an art and a science that aims to ensure that all things are harmonious with their surroundings. The application of Feng Shui ranges from planning entire cities and empires to placing a guest at the dinner table; from the orientation of high-rise office buildings, to the interior decoration and furnishing of a house or a room. Not only is this system used in China, but also in other parts of Asia. It is also known as geomancy. In Korea it is called Pungsu and in Vietnam Dai Ly. Japan, Hong Kong, Amsterdam, London, Lucerne and Paris are among the various cities in the world that, in one form or another, used Feng Shui, to build their cities. Today Feng Shui is widely used in the Western world as well as Asia (Field 1998). In the Western world , New York City for example, Pun Yin served as a consultant to many businesses, family restaurants and private residences. Her expertise was used in numerous times to plan and develop the architectural base and interior decoration of residences and offices. This can involve the right location of object inside rooms, the selection of the right colors for a room and the appropriate location of entrances to houses or apartment buildings (Walters 1988). The Feng Shui masters calculate the balance or unbalance of natural energies in a home or business. Feng Shui deals with chi (energy). Since mass and energy are interchangeable, chi can be in the form of matter, energy or a combination of the two. Therefore, chi can be visible, invisible, or partially visible and partially invisible. The ancient Chinese classified all things of nature into five types: metal, water, wood, fire, and earth. In fact, all things are a combination of these primary bases. Different comb...

How to Write About Ranges

How to Write About Ranges How to Write About Ranges How to Write About Ranges By Mark Nichol A range is, in written expression, the numerical difference between or among two or more values, or a pair of elements denoting the end points on, and perhaps one or more elements along, a continuum. Using sentences with errors in expressing ranges, this post discusses how to correctly do so in writing. The school enrolls students in grades 9 12. The correct treatment of a range numbers expressed in numerals is one number followed by an en dash (although some publications employ a hyphen) and another number, with no letter spaces: â€Å"The school enrolls students in grades 9–12.† This style, with a numeral range, is correct even when a publication uses a style system in which references to numbers are usually spelled out if the number is one hundred or less. However, if the range is expressed with to (or through) instead of a dash, the numbers should, in that case, be spelled out: â€Å"The school enrolls students in grades nine to twelve.† Operating hours are from 9 a.m.–10 p.m. If from precedes the expression of a number range, to, rather than a dash, should intervene between the two values: â€Å"Operating hours are from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m.† (If a dash is preferred, delete from: â€Å"Operating hours are 9 a.m.–10 p.m.†) Only a handful of school districts within a 30-40 mile radius rank among the top twenty-five school districts. The solution for this example is not simply to replace the hyphen with a dash; the range must be recast as shown here: â€Å"Only a handful of school districts within a 30- to 40-mile radius rank among the top twenty-five school districts.† The expressed range is not â€Å"30–40†; it is â€Å"a 30-mile radius to 40-mile radius,† with the first value truncated to the number and a suspensive hyphenation. (This range can also be expressed â€Å"a radius of 30 to 40 miles.†) Qualifying businesses are those with revenues of $10–$20 billion. This sentence suggests that the low end of the range is $10, rather than $10 billion. Except in the case of suspensive hyphenation, values should be fully expressed: â€Å"Qualifying businesses are those with revenues of $10 billion–$20 billion.† The sanctions impact the economy broadly, affecting business transactions ranging from the import of airplanes; the export of caviar, carpets, and pistachios; and the manufacturing of cars. The sequence of phrases specifying trade and production of goods does not constitute a list; it is a range that includes three elements. From must be complemented by to, and the semicolons are extraneous and intrusive: â€Å"The sanctions impact the economy broadly, affecting business transactions ranging from the import of airplanes to the export of caviar, carpets, and pistachios and the manufacturing of cars.† These range from restricting access for the sanctioned entity to the US financial system, to prohibitions on investing in a sanctioned entity, to restrictions on imports from the sanctioned entity, to the exclusion from the U.S. of controlling officers or controlling shareholders of a sanctioned entity. Elements consisting of a sequence of phrases indicating a range and beginning with one element preceded by from and one or more subsequent elements preceded by to should not be interrupted by punctuation: â€Å"These sanctions range from restricting access for the sanctioned entity to the US financial system to prohibitions on investing in a sanctioned entity to restrictions on imports from the sanctioned entity to the exclusion from the United States of controlling officers or controlling shareholders of a sanctioned entity.† If the sentence is not clear without punctuation, recast the sentence. In many cases, including the sentence used as an example here, the use of from and to as signifiers of a range is not necessary, as a given sequence may not necessarily indicate a range that implies priority of one phrase over another. (Here, the sequence does not explicitly express increasingly strict sanctions, though they may be inferred to be so.) When this is true, simply revise the sentence to express a simple list: â€Å"These sanctions include restricting access for the sanctioned entity to the US financial system, prohibitions on investing in a sanctioned entity, restrictions on imports from the sanctioned entity, and the exclusion from the United States of controlling officers or controlling shareholders of a sanctioned entity.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive AtHow to Pronounce MobileTrooper or Trouper?

Innovation of Emirates 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Innovation of Emirates 2 - Essay Example Appraisal of the Organization The Emirates Airlines has had a profitable run for a while now, and this calls for an in depth look at the company. This will involve looking at the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities that the company has and the threats that the company has to its profitability. Strengths of the Airline As seen above, the company has managed to be profitable within the economic downturn that has faced many of her competitors. This certainly points to the strength that this company has to its advantage. One strong point of this company is the level of stability in terms of management that the company has. In light with this, the company is able to transact with its clients who have a high level of trust that the company will deliver when it promises to do so. Another upside to the state ownership is the fact the company has a secure source of funding for its existent or future plans. Unlike most other airlines that compete with the Emirates Airlines, t he issue of funding does not bring in as much headache as it does to a lot of her competitors. This is because the state is in complete control of the airline and has a much wider purse with which it can fund the airline’s operations. This, to a large extent explains why the company has been able to remain successful in the long run. The airline is also committed to the use of technology in improving its services. The company has embraced the use of online booking of its tickets as a way of easing congestion as well as improving the overall customer experience. The company has adopted the use of Verified by Visa (VbV) technology (Pan and Polishuk 2004). This is a move that has been calculated to ensure that the airline has a safer mode of transaction with its clients. Aside from that, this technology is also poised to place the airline on a leadership vantage point in relation to its competitors. In addition, this has the advantage of mounting the trust that the clients place on the airline securing their return services. The airline has also strength in terms of the services that it offers to its travellers. The premium customers will get a limousine ride from their homes or office to the airport (Shaw 2011). This action, which is part, of the company’s product differentiation strategy, is calculated to encourage more clients to explore the premium package. This is further accentuated by the services that the clients will get once they arrive at the airport. These services include a kerbside check-in facility to eliminate the hustle of carrying heavy language into the terminal and further a luxurious lounge and ease for the passenger during checking-in (Shaw 2011). This, obviously remove many of the hustles that go with travelling. Therefore, this has had the effect of ensuring that customer loyalty is upheld as well as customer comfort throughout their travel. Weaknesses of the Airline The airline has a number of issues that limit its performan ce. Some of these issues have a lot to do with the ownership and by extension the management of the airline. Accordingly, the government, having full ownership of the airline highly controls the running of the airline’s operations. The government’s say in the running of the airline is a hindrance in many times (Betz 2010). Though the government having a say in the airline is not such a bad thing in the ultimate outlook, it may constitute interference when it decides to overhaul a decision that the airlines’

Delta Air Lines Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Delta Air Lines - Term Paper Example Today the company consists of a fleet size of 722 different passenger and cargo aircraft as well as more than 80,000 employees working across the world. Company has its major assets at eleven airports and its 247 aircraft operate at 247 international routes (Delta Stats and Facts). By the end of 2011, Delta Airline was enjoying a net income of $854 million with its total assets around $43.49 billion (Delta Airlines Annual Report, 2011). After five years of operations, Delta Airlines got a contract from United States Post Office. This contract made the company to shift its major set up from Georgia to Dallas. The company shifted from Atlanta (Georgia) to Dallas on 5th August, 1934 and after seven years returned back to its parent city. With the passage of time, Delta Airline followed on growth strategy as in 1953, it acquired Southern Airways and Chicago. In 1972, it did acquisition with Northeastern Airlines as well therefore; it expanded its routes to get an edge over its competitor s. Delta Airlines executed its growth strategy quite well till the end of 1970s. Due to transporting of more than 3.3 million passengers in 1978, the company was ranked No.3 in the industry; however, the same year US government enforced the Federal Airlines Deregulations Act of 1978. The act put a negative impact on Delta Airline and some other dominating companies and therefore set a base for Low Cost Carriers (LCC). Moreover, the airline industry was serenely affected by several factors in 80s and 90s. These factors included global recession of early 80s, rising fuel prices towards late 80s, and first gulf war in early 90s. Delta Airlines also affected by these, however, its strong management and infrastructure made it again at No.3 in position in the airline industry. This year it took around 67.2 million passengers to their destinations in different parts of the world. The company also generated revenue of about $8.5 billion. Along with its successful growth, one of the biggest achievements of the company is its employee reward system which enabled the company to maintain a high employee retention rate. CULTURE According to a survey conducted by J.D Power, Delta Airline has been recognized as the 2nd best airline company with respect to customer service. In 2009, the company won three awards of ‘Business Traveler Magazine’ for the fourth consecutive year. These awards were given in the categories of ‘Best Airline Web Site’, ‘Best Frequent Flyer Program’, and ‘Best Airport Lounge’ (PR Newswire). Due to its vast experience in air operations, the company has created warms relations among its employees that have great retention as well as loyalty with the company. For example in 2006, pilots of the company got themselves away from a probable strike by accepting a deal with the organization in terms of their salary and other package. This willingly accepted agreement not only enabled the company to save about $280 million per year but also kept it firm with its routine operations. CURRENT OPERATIONS By April 2010, the

The Axiological Dimension of Tolerance :: Psychological Social Papers

The Axiological Dimension of Tolerance ABSTRACT: I contend that tolerance is not the expression of a simple attitude, but constitutes a moral value which penetrates all spheres of social life. My argument assumes that globalization is a fundamental tendency of the contemporary world and that the ideal of such a world cannot be enacted without tolerance. After identifying the constituent elements of this value and its conditions of functioning, we conclude that any reconstruction of human society from the globalization point of view presumes tolerance as a fundamental factor. Functional tolerance assumes that everyone enjoys similar education in the spirit of tolerance at any age and any level. The future of humanity depends upon such a solution in the face of current woes. Overthrown to most intimate structures, the contemporary society sets itself again on the principle of globality. An older global tendency is asking its right to existence. Indisputably, the ampleness and the gravity of the problems confronting the humankind need a global approach, in order to find the saving solution. But "globality" or "mondialization" does not mean a uniform and indistinct totality swarming with the slogan of economic efficiently, no matter how important would it be. A such point of view, if it exists in somebody's mind, is a monstrosity and it cannot be accepted as such. Justified by the condition of the humankind in this millenium end, globalization presumes the difference and coexistent individualities on the ground of common and unanimous accepted values and ideals. In turn, the difference entails the democracy as a constitutive part of a mondializing process. Of course, it is not about a globalization of the democracy, but a need of democracy, which asserts itself in different forms and situation on all the meridians of the earth. It is quite clear that the diversity and democracy are ones of that is named now postmodernism. To live in a world, which is evolving or should be in accordance with these principles is near impossible out of the tolerance. Among others, the tolerance becomes necessarily the guiding star of the individual and human community by their will and action to reach the noble ideals of Good, Prosperity and Peace. But what is tolerance? Keeping its means from the Latin, the notion of tolerance means to support, to allow, enduring. These meanings refer to behavior expressing the acceptance of the individual, community or situation embodied difference. It could be talking about an ontological sense of the tolerance appearing in the endless variety of the manifesting existence forms.

RV CV

I have good communication and ‘people' skills. I am flexible and enjoy learning new skills and have enjoyed working in different environments. This has given me so much experience. I would welcome the opportunity to further my education/ training to ensure can do any job to the best of my ability. The Heathens Animal Rescue Group, Cat Sanctuary -July 2014 to date Volunteer helping in the sanctuary. BOW (Business Working with Watershed) – May 2014 Volunteer Organizes. Organizing networking events for a charitable organization that brings together businesses to do work in the community.Setting up event, meeting delegates, compiling information on attendees, making sure delegates are looked after at the event. Babysitter – January 2012 to date babysat for neighbors and friends, giving them the opportunity to socialism and attend events. This has taught me how to organize a diary, network and learn a little about running a business. Prep Dam School India – Febr uary 2014 Volunteer was given an amazing opportunity from college to fly to India to take part in volunteer project helping in Catholic schools and orphanages in Iambi.This was a life changing opportunity. We attended different schools. The first was a girls orphanage with ages ranging from 6 – 16 years. We played a few simple games with them, sang songs and then worked with them to produce a presentation on Nelson Mandela and freedom. They made posters inspired by the presentation. This gave me a chance to hear some of the girls life stories, and how coming to the boarding school was a way out of the slums for them for a while, like a long holiday.The second school was similar, but girls and boys aged 5 years old. On our final day with the charity, we reached our hardest challenge, looking after 200, 5 year olds. We decided to do lots of arts and crafts, bracelet making painting and mask making along with sports such as cricket and football. We hope we made a difference to t hem, they certainly made a difference to me. Zoom Play Centre Stockpot – June 2012 to June 2014 Party Host/Waitress Whilst working at Zoom, have had many roles. My main role is a Party Host for young children.This involves serving hem food and drink, as well as organizing different games for them. My other roles include working on the till, serving drinks and confectionery. Taking food orders, waiting on tables, and cleaning the equipment, cafe and party area. SST Michaels Primary School – Work Experience – July 2012 Teaching Assistant While I was in year 1 1, I was offered the opportunity do my work experience in a primary school. I learned to control different situations, planned lessons, interact with teachers and pupils, and was involved in organizing trips out.Miss Selfridges – The Tradeoff Centre – October 2014 – Present Whilst working at Miss Selfridges, I was responsible for working as part of a team to reach the stores sales and cus tomer service targets. Some of the roles I contributed to included making sure that each and every customer was satisfied and has found everything they needed, offering expert knowledge and fashion advice, handling all customer responses and being able to deal with them in a calm and professional manner and ensuring that all standards are up to scratch ND maintained throughout the day.

The Democracy New Developments - 1405 Words

2.3 Deliberative democracy: new developments As research done within the area of deliberative democracy, and deliberation in general, is still ongoing, this study relies on a newer approach to deliberative democracy mainly inspired by Dryzek (2010). According to Dryzek (2010), â€Å"a system can be said to possess deliberative capacity to the degree it has structures to accommodate deliberation that is authentic, inclusive and consequential†[emphasis in original] (Dryzek, 2010, p. 10). More specifically, this means: †¢ Authentic: Deliberation should encourage reflection upon preferences. The deliberation should furthermore be characterised by communication that everyone can accept. (Dryzek, 2000, p. 68) †¢ Inclusive: Everyone should be able to†¦show more content†¦(Fraser, 1990, p. 64) There are two main points to derive from Frasers (along with other feminist theorists) criticism. First, social and cultural differences within societies have an impact on the possibility to engage in deliberation in the public sphere. Second, these differences result in not only inequality but also marginalisation. It is indeed difficult, especially when investigating empirical evidence, to argue for a public sphere, which is cleansed from any form of power relations and marginalisation (REFERENCE) – a so-called ‘neutral ground’. However, I will argue that the requirement of inclusiveness becomes less important if the end-goal of the deliberative process is not consensus-making, but rather to obtain meta-consensus. 2.4 Meta-consensus as the outcome of a deliberative process Although the more specific conceptualisation of meta-consensus is to be found in the work of Niemeyer and Dryzek (2007), the idea behind it has been around for a long time. According to Niemeyer and Dryzek (2007), deliberation â€Å"requires that individuals transcend private concerns and that they engage with competing views, taking them into account as a part of their evaluations† (Niemeyer and Dryzek, 2007, p. 500). This view upon deliberation is highly pluralistic and remains as the main requirement for an authentic deliberative process to happen. However, this has been formulated earlier by, for example, Hannah

Video Games Effects On Children - 972 Words

According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, as defined the word video game is an electronic game in which players control images on a television or computer screen. Playing video games is fun that we make as entertainment to divert all the stress and pressure that we have been experiencing. But, video games can have detrimental effects on children, teenagers, and adults when they spend too much time sitting in front of the computer, as they cannot get enough sleep and often times forget to eat. Video games can destroy people’s lives, as it badly influences the player’s moral values leading to improper decision and prioritization in their lives. In the article â€Å"Negative Effects of Video Games,† Raise Smart Kid states, â€Å"Studies have shown that the more time a kid spends playing video games, the poorer is his performance in school.† This shows that students who spend too much time in video games loss interest in doing home works and worst going to scho ol, which will result to low grades. That is why video games are detrimental because it can cause addiction, distraction, and aggression. Video games are detrimental because people become addictive to it and do not have the limits when to stop playing. When children, adolescents, and adults are drawn to video games, usually they do not have respect for themselves because they allow their body to deteriorate when they do not rest. 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The potentialRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of today has developed in a way that even children are affected by technology. They enjoy video games in their leisure time and even prefer them to studying that, in its turn, can contribute to their poor performance in the class. These days, video games have become an issue that has brought concern to many people from parents to scholars about their potential effect on the future of children through influenci ng their conduct. They feel that the violent behavior or any other negative consequence

The Power of the Human Brain Essays - 842 Words

Introduction Humans have been considered the highest form of living things on earth . This is not attributed to the fact that the human body is strong or agile , because there are multiple animals that possess strength and agility far beyond the imagination of humans . The main characteristic that distinguishes humans from all other organisms is the brain . The brain is the powerhouse of the body . However this is also the site of the mind . The mind has been said to give humans superior status over other creatures . With this one significant characteristic, humans have the ability to reason , feel and adapt . Man has crossed many miles stones beyond the capabilities of any other living thing ad there are many more feats to be reached†¦show more content†¦The Cerebellum is located at the back of the brain , under the occipital and temporal lobes of the cereral cortex . and contains about 50% of the neurons in the brain and has been nicknamed the motor structure of the brain, due to the fact that a damaged cerebellum affects motor control and posture .The cerebellum performs the following functions †¢ Maintains Balance and Posture †¢ Coordination of voluntary movement †¢ Motor Learning †¢ Cognitive functions The Cerebellum is built from four different types of neurons which include granule cells, Purkinje cells and two types of inhibitory interneurons (Golgi cells and basket cells) The Brain Stem is on the bottom of the brain and is between the deeply rooted structures of the cerebral hemisphere and the cervical spinal cord. 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Conformity and Obedience Free Essays

Conformity and Obedience. In order to answer the question it is first necessary to define conformity and obedience. According to Woods, (2001 p. We will write a custom essay sample on Conformity and Obedience or any similar topic only for you Order Now 107): ‘ We often adjust our actions or opinions so that they fit in well with those of other people. This is known as social conformity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ’ And Gross, (2001 pg. 392) stated that: Obedience is affected by direction (from somebody in higher authority). This essay will explore circumstances in which we are likely to conform; or obey others. This will be done by drawing on research carried out by Milgram, Asch, Crutchfield and Zimbardo. There are many ways in which we conform; some are useful others are not. For example, if we did not conform and adhere to the Highway Code there would be absolute chaos on our roads and lives would be at risk. At the other end of the scale we have the horrific example of ‘blind’ obedience in relation to the Holocaust in Nazi Germany in the 1930’s – 40’s. In this situation Hitler’s soldiers obeyed and carried out their orders without question because their orders came from a legitimate authority. (Mcilveen Gross, 1999, pp. 79-80). In 1963 Stanley Milgram carried out a psychological experiment to try to discover why so many people co-operated and committed such atrocities in the concentration camps. This experiment involved groups of two people one – a confederate – played the part of a student trying to remember different words. The other person who was the subject played the role of a teacher and gave him the test. The teacher was told to ‘shock’ the ‘student’ every time he missed a word. Milgram thought that most people wouldn’t shock another human being and especially not all the way up to deadly levels of electricity. However, I transpired that 63% were obedient to their instructor (since he was the one in a position of power) and went all the way up to 450v which was lethal (Hayes, 2000 pp. 50-51). Experiments carried out by Solomon Asch (1995) showed how easy it is to make people conform. In one of his experiments Asch used groups of 6-8 people who were told they were participating in a study on visual perception. He presented these subjects with 2 cards. On one card was a single ‘standard’ line; on the other were 3 ‘comparison’ lines. Participants were asked to judge which of the comparison lines were equal in length to the ‘standard’ line. Each of Asch’s groups only contained one real subject – the rest were confederates. Asch instructed each of the confederates to give the same wrong answer. There was a 75% conformity rate of the participants, meaning that they gave the same answer as the confederates, showing that people do not want to ‘appear different’ (Gross, 2001 pg. 382). However, researchers discovered that if the participants were alloed to give their answers away from the group, then conformity decreased. If people were allowed to give their answers in private, then it is found that they will be less likely to be swayed by other people’s opinions. Again, in experiments, researchers like Asch (1955) have discovered that if the task is ambiguous or the problem made harder, then conformity levels are likely to increase. Under conditions where the problem is less obvious, then people are likely to go with the majority of the group (Gross, 2001 pg. 383). An experiment carried out by Crutchfield (1954) found that pressure to conform can also occur without face to face communication. In this particular study each participant was placed in a separate booth facing a screen which displayed questions and what they believed were answers of the other participants. The questions were simple and the answers obvious. In around half the cases the answers were incorrect. Each participant was led to believe they were the last to answer having seen the other answers. Crutchfield in fact placed the answers there. This experiment suggests that in certain situations people will conform to avoid being the ‘odd one out’ and labelled as a social outcast. In addition, the fear of rejection by peers helps to assure that conformity is guaranteed. Crutchfields’ experiment found that 37% of the participants conformed all the time which shows that conformity can occur even without face to face contact. Both these experiments show that people will go with a group norm and conform to other people who they might not even know (Mcilveen Gross, 1999 pg. 73). Clearly, there are several reasons why we conform i. e. we don’t want to be seen as troublesome or a nuisance – the psychological term being ‘compliance’. Perhaps we simply wish to be accepted into a group ‘normative influence’ (Gross 2001 p. 386). We may also feel that we are amongst people who are more knowledgeable than us and that we have no right to argue, which is termed ‘information social influence’ (Mcilveen Gross, 1999 pg. 4). It could be argued that conformity studies are often designed to illustrate the dangers of conformity, and the following study could be seen as an example of this. ‘The Stanford Prison Experiment’ was carried out in 1973 by Zimbardo. It involved taking at random 24 men who responded to a newspaper advertisement asking for volunteers to take part in a psychological study on prison life. A mock prison was created and the volunteers were given ‘roles’ of either guards or prisoners. This experiment found that the guards conformed to the roles expected of them in that they took charge of the prisoners and treated them cruelly and the prisoners conformed to their roles in that they allowed this to happen and did not say that they wanted to stop the experiment. Some even asked for parole instead of requesting that the experiment be terminated. The level of conformity in this study was exceptionally high to the extent that the ‘prisoners’ became very distressed and the experiment had to be aborted on day 6 – it was planned to last 2 weeks (Class notes, March 2005). Research also shows that levels of conformity are likely to increase if the status of the people in the rest of the group is high. Low status people are likely to conform more to high status people, especially if those people are in some form of authority (Mcilveen Gross, 1999 pg. 77). Without doubt all societies require a certain level of conformity in order to function as a society. If social norms are not adhered there would be confusion and disorder. However, what research has shown is that anyone is capable of conforming/obeying under the right circumstances or situations. It is also evident that the circumstances in which we conform or obey can be seen as positive or negative and although it is not always the case, it is usually a positive social influence. In the UK today we live in a society which places great value on the individual: ‘†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. there is a great emphasis on individual responsibility to contribute to society. ’ (Alcock et al, 1999 pg. 41) we are expected to contribute, conform and obey. Following like sheep may be regarded s weak, however, the fact remains that many of us conform i. e. religion, fashion, politics. In addition to these factors it is important to mention that non-conformity also has its place in society because if there were total conformity there would be no change, no improvement, or new ideas. For many, life may well be a struggle – battling with the desire to be an ‘individual’ and also having to ‘conform’ to how society expects them to be, think and do. It could be argued that conformity and obedience are necessary elements of society as conformity and obedience helps create a stable society. From an early age we have been instructed to obey and conform as we grow up we continue to be exposed to these pressures i. . our parents demand obedience, friends require us to be ‘part of the crowd,’ teachers demand homework, our religion tells us what to believe and the government expects us to obey the law and pay our taxes. Culturally too we are expected to conform i. e. arranged marriages, customs, traditions and dress. In conclusion, with regard to the experiments that have been discussed in this essay it is important to remember that they are just that – experiments, and it is difficult to know for certain what would actually happen in the ‘real world. References. WOODS, B. Basics in Psychology. 2nd edn. London. Hodder Stoughton Educational. GROSS, R. 2001. PSYCHOLOGY. The science of the mind behaviour. 4th edn. London. Hodder Stoughton Educational. MCILVEEN, R GROSS, R. 1999. Social Psychology. 2nd edn. London. Hodder Stoughton Educational. HAYES, N. 1994. Principles of Social Psychology. East Sussex. Psychology Press Ltd. ALCOCK, P. , ERKSINE, A. , MAY, M. 1998. The Students Companion to Social Policy. Oxford. Blackwell Publishers Ltd. How to cite Conformity and Obedience, Papers Conformity And Obedience Free Essays This Essay will discuss the factors influencing the behaviour of Mark, in relation to conformity and obedience. Should he comply and obey with his officer’s strict instructions to work alone, or will he stop to help a fellow trainee. Mark is a soldier on training in the Brecon Beacons, he is under order to work alone and not to stop to help anyone. We will write a custom essay sample on Conformity And Obedience or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mark is working well and is on track with about 5 other soldiers who he already knows. Whilst running through the country, Mark hears a colleague (whom he has not met before) shouting for help. Conformity is a type of social influence involving a change in behaviour, attitude or belief in order to fit in, these changes are in response to either real or imagined group pressure, such as the fear of rejection from a group, lack of information, belief that others are right or not wanting to upset others within the group, this occurs in situations, whereby individuals or small groups are exposed to a majority view. Obedience is not a social influence or response to group pressure, but a following of instruction usually by someone we see as higher authoritative status than ourselves, obedience is deeply implemented from an early age, when we are taught to obey parents, teachers and elders ( Pennington and Mcloughlin, 2008) Through looking at studies and experiments of conformity and obedience it is plausible to suggest that in this case Mark will obey the orders of his officer and not stop to help the trainee. Mark will adapt to the expectations of his role, and continue without stopping this is known as identification Kelman(1958). There is no need for Mark to agree as he is simply playing to his role. Another influential factor on Marks decision will be, he is alongside a small group of friends in which he will not want to be seen to go against the group, for fear of rejection or ridicule and will also wish to gain the approval of his commanding officer, this is Normative conformity in which we are driven by the need or desire to gain approval and acceptance, Man (1969) as demonstrated in Solomon Asch’s conformity experiment, Mark may publicly accept but privately disagree with the decision to continue. (Mcleod, 2007) In Asch’s experiment, students were told that they were participating in a ‘vision test.’ Lines were presented onto a screen and the students were asked to answer which line out of three possibilities matched the target line. The students were unaware that the rest of the group in the experiment were fake (confederates) and had been asked prior to the experiment to give wrong answers and agreed on which answers to give. At first the confederates answered the questions correctly, but eventually began to give wrong answers, when the pre-planned incorrect answers were given over 70% of participants conformed to the group’s majority false views at least once (Heroic Imagination Project, 2013). During the debrief at the end of the test, students were asked why they had given a wrong answer, when the correct answer was clear, the majority of students stated that although they knew the answers were in fact wrong they did not want to risk ridicule from the rest of the group, whist others actually thought there answers were correct. This evidence supports that Mark will conform as he will want to be accepted and not upset his fellow colleagues and also avoid rejection ( Pennington and Mcloughlin, 2008). Asch’s experiment may be criticised as the individuals may have been more inclined to give wrong answers to avoid conflict rather than fit in. Another criticism of the experiment is that it was conducted in a laboratory and did not replicate a real life situation; however, some expert opinions support these results stating that although real life situations may not be as clear cut as the laboratory environment, real life social pressure is far greater, resulting in increased conformity (Cherry, 2013). This can be supported by the social impact theory which predicts that conformity will increase in the presence of three influential factors, first being strength, the strength of the person giving the order, as the order came from his officer, Marks view will be as he is more experienced he is also more knowledgeable, numbers, refers to the number of social forces present, as there are only around 5 other trainees at the same pace as Mark, conformity will be higher making him more likely to conform to the behaviour of his colleagues, immediacy refers to the closeness of the other soldiers as Mark works with them regular he will view them as close friends and therefore conform to the majority to keep harmony within the group. (University, 2012) As Mark is a trainee he will be unclear of how to react in this situation, he may question if this is actually a test and be confused on what he should do, he will look to see how his fellow trainees react and follow, by doing this Mark will show informational conformity, as studied in an autokinetic effect experiment by Muzafer Sheriff (1963). Sheriff conducted a visual illusion experiment to demonstrate the level of conformity when a person is put in an ambiguous situation, when tested on an individual basis, participants answers varied considerably. Sheriff then placed the participants in groups of three (two of the participants had previously given similar estimates, this differed significantly to the remaining participant) each person had to state there answer aloud to the group, over several trials the results showed that the person who’s estimate differed conformed to the group majority (Mcleod, 2007). Mark will also want to display obedience, as these orders came directly from an officer of higher authority than himself. He will continue and not stop; this can be supported by looking at Milgrams agent theory, Milgram believes we operate on two levels, as autonomous individuals we are conscious and aware of our behaviour and the consequences of our actions. Secondly as agentic individuals, were by we see ourselves as â€Å"puppets† of others and no longer responsible for our actions. Generally we see ourselves as autonomous individuals, however in some circumstances we shift to agentic level, we are then only responsible to the person giving orders and our responsibilities to others disappears. This theory supports the suggestion of Mark to continue, he will detach himself from the injured trainee as he believes he is not responsible for his own actions. Milgram believes this shift takes place due to us being conditioned from an early age to obey orders without question, once in an agentic state there are two binding factors which keep us there as demonstrated on Milgrams experiment; these factors are fear of being rude or disrespectful and the fear of increasing anxiety by disobeying. (waring, 2006) In the 1960’s Milgram designed an experiment to test obedience to authority, he wanted to know if the Germans had a particular personality which made them carry out the brutal acts in world war two, or could an â€Å"ordinary person† also behave the same. Participants were asked to administer shocks each time a subject gave a wrong answer, the shocks ranged from 15 volts (mild shock) to 450 volts (danger severe shock), whilst administering shocks participants were continually prompted by an authoritive figure in a white laboratory coat. The participants could not see the subjects but could hear the effects of the apparent shocks, in which the subjects acted accordingly, throughout this experiment no real shocks were ever given. During the experiment many participants showed signs of tension, three participants actually had seizures and although most felt uncomfortable a huge 65% of participants administered shocks to the full 450 voltage, and every participant admitted to administering shocks above the level that they personally felt was ethical. (Heroic Imagination Project, 2013) This experiment raised several ethical issues; no measures were taken to protect participants from physical or psychological harm, The right to withdraw was not made clear as participants were continually prompted to continue with phrases such as â€Å"you have no choice you must go on†. Deception was used as the participants believed the shocks were real, Other criticisms of Milgrams experiment are that all the participants were men and the experiment was set in an important setting (Yale university) thus not replicating real life situations also all of the participants were paid in advance of the experiment giving them an imagined obligation to carry on, all the participants were self-selected as they had replied to a newspaper ad, some may argue this is a particular type of personality. (Volunteer personality) Milgram strongly defended these criticisms, stating the results were unexpected as in a survey carried out prior to the experiment, asking the opinion of professionals, most believed the participant would stop when the learner protested, Milgrams main defence centres around the debrief, during which all participants were reassured about their behaviour and given reports of the findings on the experiment. They were assured no shocks were ever given, in a questionnaire filled in by 92% of participants only 2% regretted taking part, a massive 84% were happy to have taken part and 74% said they had learnt a lesson of self-importance. One year after the experiment all the participants were interviewed by a psychiatrist who confirmed none of them had suffered any long term harm. It is this study that largely contributed to the introduction of the ethical guidelines and codes of conduct and significantly contributed to the psychological understanding of obedience, demonstrating, how easily human beings can hurt each other even against their own morals and judgments and with no motivation of personal gain or even malice towards the other person, when in the presence of an authority figure (Bradley, 2002). Milgrams experiment has been replicated around the world with very similar findings of high obedience to authority figures, apart from Australia were the obedience levels fell to 16% however this was a woman giving a shock to other women. Zimbardos, Stanford prison experiment is a perfect example of how situational factors effect a person, Mark has been assigned the role of a soldier and will obey to the expectations of that role, as did the students given the role or prisoners in Zimbardos experiment, they immediately became submissive and obedient towards t he guards. Five prisoners actually began to experience severe negative thoughts and emotions and had to be released from the experiment and when questioned could not believe their own levels of obedience towards the guards (Cherry, K, 2013) Taking in to account these results and the effects of social influence and situational factors on a person’s behaviour, it is the conclusion that Mark will definitely continue his training and not stop. As an individual being given orders by someone he sees as a legitimate source of authority figure such as his officer, obedience to the system will be high, this is known as legitimacy of the system ( Pennington and Mcloughlin, 2008). Mark will show  obedience to his officer, and conform to what his fellow soldiers are doing; he will also adapt to his role and therefore detach himself from the responsibility of the injured soldier and carry out his training as instructed. It would not be possible for these experiments to be conducted today, due to not meeting the requirements of BPS ethical guidelines, which sets out the code of ethics researchers must follow when conducting experiments. All of the studies mentioned in this essay breach at least two of these ethical issues, The most prominent and criticized being, informed consent and deception, however had these guidelines been in place it would not have been possible to achieve such informative findings on human behavior. How to cite Conformity And Obedience, Papers

Mutual Friends by BOY free essay sample

A chance suggestion by YouTube brought this band to my attention. A warning though, plugging their moniker into Google without knowing the names Valeska Steiner and Sonja Glass will yield the dictionary definition of â€Å"boy.† Dont even try adding â€Å"band† into the search box or youll just get pages and pages on the Backstreet Boys, N*Sync, and One Direction. This German-Swiss indie-pop duos debut album, â€Å"Mutual Friends,† was released recently for American audiences on iTunes. The music video for the single â€Å"Little Numbers† depicts the two young women frolicking around Barcelona, and its almost impossible not to smile or dance when you hear the song. By no means a pounding, nightclub track, and lacking the digital finagling weve grown accustomed to, â€Å"Little Numbers† is a simple, cheerful song that can be appreciated in any season, and can be counted on to make you happy. Other choice tracks include the dreamy, percussion-heavy â€Å"Waitress,† the mournful and nostalgic â€Å"Drive Darling,† the curiously seductive and cautionary â€Å"Boris,† and the indescribable, mellifluous â€Å"Skin. We will write a custom essay sample on Mutual Friends by BOY or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Boy is already gaining popularity in Europe, and with this release they will surely capture an audience here. If youre into light, easy listening and artists like Death Cab for Cutie and Norah Jones, or more poppy singers like Ed Sheeran, Id suggest giving Boy a chance.

Suzuki Case Study free essay sample

This analysis provides the background, SWOT analysis and different marketing alternatives such as positioning the vehicle as a car, compact truck or sports utility vehicle. Later the recommendation is made on which marketing strategies are suitable for the success of the Suzuki Samurai in US market. The analysis has also highlighted in detail the pros and cons of the â€Å"unpositioning† that we propose versus three options of positioning that were considered earlier. We have also evaluated the strength of the marketing research done by Pearlstein in terms of ensuring market of success in US market. In this analysis, there is also the recommendation on how the $2. 5 Million six-month adverting budget should be spent in accordance to the positioning strategy chosen. 2. 0 Situation Analysis 2. 1 The company 2. 1. 1 Company Background Starting business in 1909 as Suzuki Loom Works, the firm was incorporated in 1920 and was to produce textile looms that would surpass the innovation and quality of other competitors. We will write a custom essay sample on Suzuki Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since foundation Hamamatsu, Japan, SUZUKI has steadily grown and expanded. In 1952, Suzuki created a new type of motor vehicle, a motorized bicycle call the â€Å"Power Free†. This motorized bicycle featured a 36cc two-stroke engine with a double sprocket gear system that enabled the rider to pedal with the engine assisting, pedal without the engine assisting. Suzuki’s first mass produced car in 1955, the Suzulight, was a technical marvel. It included radical innovations for the time such as front-wheel drive, four-wheel suspension, and rack-and-pinion steering. In 1963, Suzuki brings its innovation motorcycle line-up to the U. S. A fast growing line enables them quickly to become a major player in the motorcycle market. Suzuki takes the lead in the all-terrain vehicle market in 1983 by introducing the first four-wheeled ATV. In 1985, Suzuki introduces its automotive line to the U. S, with the arrival of the Samurai. SJ 413 as an upgraded model of SJ410 and designed especially for US market. Today, constantly going forward to meet changing lifestyles, the SUZUKI name is seen on a full range of motorcycles, automobiles, outboard motors and related products such as generators and motorized wheelchairs. The mark trademark is recognized by people throughout the world as a brand of quality products that offer both reliability and originality. More than 45,000 Suzuki people worldwide now create and distribute their work in over 120 countries. Worldwide Suzuki Automotive sales now reach over 2 million each year, surpassing the sales of many other renowned companies such as BMW, Mercedes and Saab. Additionally more than 2. 5 million motorcycles and ATVs are sold each year. Sales of the Suzukis outboard motors also continue to grow. SUZUKI stands behind this global symbol with a sure determination to maintain this confidence in the future as well, never stopping in creating quality products. 2. 2 Product of Suzuki Samurai The Suzuki Samurai was introduced to the U. S. market in November 1985. It appealed to younger consumers with its inexpensive and fun-oriented positioning. This marketing strategy was successful, since over 160,000 Samurais were sold in just three years. The Suzuki Samurai was introduced as an inexpensive multi-purpose sport/utility vehicle. These vehicles were light pickup trucks with back seats, an extended roof, and part-time four-wheel drive intended for use on snow, ice, mud, or off-road driving. Sport/utility vehicles do not have to conform to the same safety regulations that apply to passenger cars. 2. 3 Positioning According to Douglas Mazza, he wanted a fresh approach for his company’s new products, he assigned advertising task to an agency which had no experience in developing campaign for automobiles. The advertising agency found out that the industry practice was to position vehicles according their physical characteristics. They also found out that most advertising was feature/benefit or price oriented. Based on its physical characteristics, the major three positioning for Samurai SJ413 were position as a compact sport utility vehicle, as a compact pickup truck and as a subcompact car, so it should be advertised as a â€Å"tough ittle cheap jeep†. Moreover, the samurai’s size and price distinguished it from all other sport utility vehicles sold in the U. S in 1985. The Samurai was smaller and lighter than the other vehicles, and its $5995 suggested retail price was well below the other vehicles’ $10,000 to $13,000 price range. 2. 4 SWOT Summary 2. 4. 1 Strengths : Suzuki Company followed selective distribution strategy, which allowed the company to achieve higher profitability, dealer loyalty, greater sales support and also higher degree of control over the retail market. Also, their pricing strategy was to sell high volume with low profit margin, which helped company to gain market response for its high quality with low price advantage. Suzuki Samurai has been positioned as a compact sport utility vehicle, a compact pickup truck and a subcompact car. This positioning would be good to place their brand in the particular part of the market where it would receive reception compared to competing products. It also well explained Samurai’s physical characteristics. 2. 4. 2 Weaknesses: Suzuki Samurai set their very low price, which meant it will came up with very low profit margin. The planned dealer invoice rice was $5095, only 7. 5%higher than ASMC’s own landed cost for the vehicle. And they planned to limit the number of samurai dealers, so each dealer might be stressed on as they needed to sell approximately 30 Samurai per month to cover its costs. Samurai was positioned as a sport utility vehicle; however, the market for sport utility vehicle was relatively small. In 1984, it was les than 3% in the U. S market. And it was positioned as a subcompact car, then it might not meet the expectations of the consumers because the Samurai was built on a truck platform, its ride was stiffer and less comfortable than the least-expensive subcompact cars. On the other side, if other consumers start to use it as subcompact car or pick up truck, it will lose its brand image. Thus it might lose potential market, bring trouble for the sales people and increase market confusion among customers. 2. 4. 3 Opportunities: Suzuki Samurai should be unpositioned in the market to get the opportunity to target the entire potential consumers segment. The unpositioned Suzuki Samurai will appeal the users of sports utility vehicles, pick up truck and subcompact cars. That ensures higher consumer acceptance and consumer satisfaction by offering a car for various needs. It would also increase sales and thus add large profit to the company’s income statement by targeting a large customer segments. The unpositioning strategy is better combined with company’s goal that is to establish ASMC as a major car company in the U. S market. The low price of the Samurai can be used as a strategy to impress consumers and to capture great share of the market. And this low price and also encouraged dealership investment in which expanded and increased sales. There will be a good opportunity for Samurai if can build a strong brand image among the potential customers such as some TV advertisement or promotion, in which creating and increasing buyer awareness of the car influencing buyer attitude toward the Suzuki Samurai. 2. 4. 4 Treats: Suzuki Samurai will bring some treats to its competitors if offering a car with different purpose. The broader appeal of the car can reduce sales of its competitors’ who are in the same industry. In addition, it will quite risky for Samurai’s sales if Suzuki overdefine the vehicle, because a product should broad enough to attract a wide range of consumers and meet consumers with different needs. 2. 5 Historical Results According to Appendix 6. 1, in 1984, there were approximately 25100 Japanese vehicles sole among the total of 424810 sport utility cars in U. S market, which was only 5. 9% of the market share. And Suzuki Samurai only had 8. 4% to the Japanese imported cars in the U. S market. In another words, Samurai did not have much market share compared with other Japanese competitors in the U. S automobile industry. In 1985, Samurai has decreased to 4. 6% market share among the Japanese car industry, and only 0. 46% market share of the whole compact sport utility vehicle in the U. S market. However, as compact pickup trucks and subcompact cars, it did not shown any Samurai products in which meant the sales could be very low and unsuccessful during the year of 1984 and 1985. 3. 0 The Market 3. 1 Background Since the introduction of its first production car, the â€Å"Suzulight†, in 1961, Suzuki had sold cars and trucks only in Japan until 1979. It took Suzuki only 5 years to export and distribute its automobiles into more than 100 countries including Hawaii (US). As a global firm, Suzuki captured and maintained its production and R D momentum to succeed in international marketing. Aiming at opening the continental US Market, Suzuki Samurai, designed with the US market specifically in mind, was introduced in 1985 in order to establish Suzuki’s brand presence in the United States. 3. 2 Market Entry 3. 2. 1 Exporting Before projecting the Samurai, Suzuki had cooperated with General Motors on a model named under GM as Chevrolet Sprint. Exporting Japanese cars to the US was subject to voluntary restraint agreement (VRA). In 1984, Suzuki’s total VRA quota of 17,000 cars went to GM as Sprints and Sprint’s distribution was limited to its West Coast dealers. GM’s success with Sprint showed Suzuki that a market existed for its cars in the continental United States. 3. 2. 2 Joint Venture – Suzuki + GM (Production in Canada) Japan’s VRA quotas made it impossible for Suzuki to export any cars other than the Sprint to the United States in the foreseeable future. In 1985, Suzuki and GM began negotiations with the Canadian government to build a plant in Ontario producing approximately 200,000 subcompact cars per year. This initiative could help launching more Suzuki automobiles into the US market under its own name by early 1989. 3. 3 Direct Investment – ASMC Market share of Japanese imports in the U. S. automobile market and the overall automobile industry in the US surged during 1984 – 1985. Facing the upcoming entries of other overseas brands, Suzuki was unwilling to wait until 1989 to introduce the Suzuki name into the continental United States. With SJ413 (Samurai), Suzuki had the right product for the market whereas the continental United States was a piece of new land – a dealer network needed to be established, since there was no guarantee that GM would market any Suzuki vehicles other than the Sprint in the US market. Customs clearance issue was solved by exporting SJ413 without a back seat, under which circumstance the vehicle was classified as a truck by the US government. Trucks were not subject to Japanese VRA quotas; instead, they were subject to a 25% tariff, much higher than that on cars (2. 5%). Suzuki management was convinced that the time was right to enter the continental US market and believed the high tariff was worth paying. American Suzuki Motor Corporation (ASMC) was established for the development of a Suzuki dealer network in the United States. 4. 0 Marketing Strategy Analysis 4. 1Entry Strategy The market strategy used by Suzuki varies in accordance to the nature of the Market. This can be evidenced by looking at the strategy used in entering Canadian Market and the entry strategies used in the US market which in some way varied in different times. In Canada the entry strategy was a joint venture which also involved opening the manufacturing company in Canada. In US, the first strategy was to export the Suzuki Samurai manufactured in Japan to the US market meanwhile the later strategy was to export Suzuki Samurai from Canada under its own name, American Suzuki motor Corporation (ASMC) which would keep them competitive in the automotive industry. 4. 2 Distribution Strategy The ASMC under Mazza formulated a strategy to ensure the company achieves its goal of being a major car company in the US. The strategy was: †¢To build exclusive sales facilities for the Samurai which would include showroom, sales office, customer waiting and accessories display area. †¢A minimum of two service stalls dedicated to Suzuki and operated by Suzuki trained mechanics for service and parts. †¢A minimum of three sales people, two service technicians, one general manager and one general office clerk dedicated to the Suzuki dealership. †¢In the long run, with the growth of the product line dealer requirements would expand to include a full, exclusive facility complete with attached parts and services. Limit the number of Samurai dealer network to 47 so that ASMC could guarantee the minimum supply of 37 units per month to enable the dealer to breakeven and earn some profit. Assumption: Dealer has to sell 30 cars per month to breakeven. -If the dealer sells all allocated 37 cars in a month he will be expected to earn a monthly profit of $6300 (See Appendix 1) 4. 3 Pricing Strate gy ASMC’s pricing policy was to sell the basic Samurai at a retail price of $5995 and a dealer price of $5095 which was only 7. 5% higher than ASMC landed cost. The contribution expected by ASMC from each unit sold was $382 (See Appendix 6. ). The ASMC pricing strategy was to sell its high quality product at a competitive price of $5995 which was far below competitors’ price ranging from $10,000 to $13,000. This strategy would enable the company to sell higher volume at considerably low margin. 4. 4 Promotion and Advertising Strategy 4. 4. 1 Product and Positioning Strategy Samurai was planned to be poisoned in the market in three different categories based on its physical characteristics. It could be either, a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV), a compact pickup truck or a subcompact car. See the figure below: Table 4. 4. 1: Market Share 19841985 Ratio of Suzuki to Total Japanese cars import in US8. 5%4. 6% Ratio of Suzuki to Compact Sport Utility Vehicles0. 5%0. 5% Note: The Suzuki sales were only for Hawaii excluding the grey market in Florida and other markets in Puerto Rico, Guam, the US Virginia Islands and Panama. Douglas Mazza wanted a fresh approach for his companys new product so he gave the responsibility to keye/ donna/ pearlstein advertising agency, which had no experience in developing campaign for automobiles. After accepting he offer, Pearlstein and his associates scanned the industry practice for automobile advertising. They found out that the industry practice was to position vehicles according their physical characteristics. They also found out that best advertising strategy was to base on either its feature, benefit or price. It was from physical characteristics that they positioned Suzuki Samurai as a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV), a compact pickup truck or a subcompact car. Suzuki Case Study free essay sample This analysis provides the background, SWOT analysis and different marketing alternatives such as positioning the vehicle as a car, compact truck or sports utility vehicle. Later the recommendation is made on which marketing strategies are suitable for the success of the Suzuki Samurai in US market. The analysis has also highlighted in detail the pros and cons of the â€Å"unpositioning† that we propose versus three options of positioning that were considered earlier. We have also evaluated the strength of the marketing research done by Pearlstein in terms of ensuring market of success in US market. In this analysis, there is also the recommendation on how the $2. 5 Million six-month adverting budget should be spent in accordance to the positioning strategy chosen. 2. 0 Situation Analysis 2. 1 The company 2. 1. 1 Company Background Starting business in 1909 as Suzuki Loom Works, the firm was incorporated in 1920 and was to produce textile looms that would surpass the innovation and quality of other competitors. We will write a custom essay sample on Suzuki Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since foundation Hamamatsu, Japan, SUZUKI has steadily grown and expanded. In 1952, Suzuki created a new type of motor vehicle, a motorized bicycle call the â€Å"Power Free†. This motorized bicycle featured a 36cc two-stroke engine with a double sprocket gear system that enabled the rider to pedal with the engine assisting, pedal without the engine assisting. Suzuki’s first mass produced car in 1955, the Suzulight, was a technical marvel. It included radical innovations for the time such as front-wheel drive, four-wheel suspension, and rack-and-pinion steering. In 1963, Suzuki brings its innovation motorcycle line-up to the U. S. A fast growing line enables them quickly to become a major player in the motorcycle market. Suzuki takes the lead in the all-terrain vehicle market in 1983 by introducing the first four-wheeled ATV. In 1985, Suzuki introduces its automotive line to the U. S, with the arrival of the Samurai. SJ 413 as an upgraded model of SJ410 and designed especially for US market. Today, constantly going forward to meet changing lifestyles, the SUZUKI name is seen on a full range of motorcycles, automobiles, outboard motors and related products such as generators and motorized wheelchairs. The mark trademark is recognized by people throughout the world as a brand of quality products that offer both reliability and originality. More than 45,000 Suzuki people worldwide now create and distribute their work in over 120 countries. Worldwide Suzuki Automotive sales now reach over 2 million each year, surpassing the sales of many other renowned companies such as BMW, Mercedes and Saab. Additionally more than 2. 5 million motorcycles and ATVs are sold each year. Sales of the Suzukis outboard motors also continue to grow. SUZUKI stands behind this global symbol with a sure determination to maintain this confidence in the future as well, never stopping in creating quality products. 2. 2 Product of Suzuki Samurai The Suzuki Samurai was introduced to the U. S. market in November 1985. It appealed to younger consumers with its inexpensive and fun-oriented positioning. This marketing strategy was successful, since over 160,000 Samurais were sold in just three years. The Suzuki Samurai was introduced as an inexpensive multi-purpose sport/utility vehicle. These vehicles were light pickup trucks with back seats, an extended roof, and part-time four-wheel drive intended for use on snow, ice, mud, or off-road driving. Sport/utility vehicles do not have to conform to the same safety regulations that apply to passenger cars. 2. 3 Positioning According to Douglas Mazza, he wanted a fresh approach for his company’s new products, he assigned advertising task to an agency which had no experience in developing campaign for automobiles. The advertising agency found out that the industry practice was to position vehicles according their physical characteristics. They also found out that most advertising was feature/benefit or price oriented. Based on its physical characteristics, the major three positioning for Samurai SJ413 were position as a compact sport utility vehicle, as a compact pickup truck and as a subcompact car, so it should be advertised as a â€Å"tough ittle cheap jeep†. Moreover, the samurai’s size and price distinguished it from all other sport utility vehicles sold in the U. S in 1985. The Samurai was smaller and lighter than the other vehicles, and its $5995 suggested retail price was well below the other vehicles’ $10,000 to $13,000 price range. 2. 4 SWOT Summary 2. 4. 1 Strengths : Suzuki Company followed selective distribution strategy, which allowed the company to achieve higher profitability, dealer loyalty, greater sales support and also higher degree of control over the retail market. Also, their pricing strategy was to sell high volume with low profit margin, which helped company to gain market response for its high quality with low price advantage. Suzuki Samurai has been positioned as a compact sport utility vehicle, a compact pickup truck and a subcompact car. This positioning would be good to place their brand in the particular part of the market where it would receive reception compared to competing products. It also well explained Samurai’s physical characteristics. 2. 4. 2 Weaknesses: Suzuki Samurai set their very low price, which meant it will came up with very low profit margin. The planned dealer invoice rice was $5095, only 7. 5%higher than ASMC’s own landed cost for the vehicle. And they planned to limit the number of samurai dealers, so each dealer might be stressed on as they needed to sell approximately 30 Samurai per month to cover its costs. Samurai was positioned as a sport utility vehicle; however, the market for sport utility vehicle was relatively small. In 1984, it was les than 3% in the U. S market. And it was positioned as a subcompact car, then it might not meet the expectations of the consumers because the Samurai was built on a truck platform, its ride was stiffer and less comfortable than the least-expensive subcompact cars. On the other side, if other consumers start to use it as subcompact car or pick up truck, it will lose its brand image. Thus it might lose potential market, bring trouble for the sales people and increase market confusion among customers. 2. 4. 3 Opportunities: Suzuki Samurai should be unpositioned in the market to get the opportunity to target the entire potential consumers segment. The unpositioned Suzuki Samurai will appeal the users of sports utility vehicles, pick up truck and subcompact cars. That ensures higher consumer acceptance and consumer satisfaction by offering a car for various needs. It would also increase sales and thus add large profit to the company’s income statement by targeting a large customer segments. The unpositioning strategy is better combined with company’s goal that is to establish ASMC as a major car company in the U. S market. The low price of the Samurai can be used as a strategy to impress consumers and to capture great share of the market. And this low price and also encouraged dealership investment in which expanded and increased sales. There will be a good opportunity for Samurai if can build a strong brand image among the potential customers such as some TV advertisement or promotion, in which creating and increasing buyer awareness of the car influencing buyer attitude toward the Suzuki Samurai. 2. 4. 4 Treats: Suzuki Samurai will bring some treats to its competitors if offering a car with different purpose. The broader appeal of the car can reduce sales of its competitors’ who are in the same industry. In addition, it will quite risky for Samurai’s sales if Suzuki overdefine the vehicle, because a product should broad enough to attract a wide range of consumers and meet consumers with different needs. 2. 5 Historical Results According to Appendix 6. 1, in 1984, there were approximately 25100 Japanese vehicles sole among the total of 424810 sport utility cars in U. S market, which was only 5. 9% of the market share. And Suzuki Samurai only had 8. 4% to the Japanese imported cars in the U. S market. In another words, Samurai did not have much market share compared with other Japanese competitors in the U. S automobile industry. In 1985, Samurai has decreased to 4. 6% market share among the Japanese car industry, and only 0. 46% market share of the whole compact sport utility vehicle in the U. S market. However, as compact pickup trucks and subcompact cars, it did not shown any Samurai products in which meant the sales could be very low and unsuccessful during the year of 1984 and 1985. 3. 0 The Market 3. 1 Background Since the introduction of its first production car, the â€Å"Suzulight†, in 1961, Suzuki had sold cars and trucks only in Japan until 1979. It took Suzuki only 5 years to export and distribute its automobiles into more than 100 countries including Hawaii (US). As a global firm, Suzuki captured and maintained its production and R D momentum to succeed in international marketing. Aiming at opening the continental US Market, Suzuki Samurai, designed with the US market specifically in mind, was introduced in 1985 in order to establish Suzuki’s brand presence in the United States. 3. 2 Market Entry 3. 2. 1 Exporting Before projecting the Samurai, Suzuki had cooperated with General Motors on a model named under GM as Chevrolet Sprint. Exporting Japanese cars to the US was subject to voluntary restraint agreement (VRA). In 1984, Suzuki’s total VRA quota of 17,000 cars went to GM as Sprints and Sprint’s distribution was limited to its West Coast dealers. GM’s success with Sprint showed Suzuki that a market existed for its cars in the continental United States. 3. 2. 2 Joint Venture – Suzuki + GM (Production in Canada) Japan’s VRA quotas made it impossible for Suzuki to export any cars other than the Sprint to the United States in the foreseeable future. In 1985, Suzuki and GM began negotiations with the Canadian government to build a plant in Ontario producing approximately 200,000 subcompact cars per year. This initiative could help launching more Suzuki automobiles into the US market under its own name by early 1989. 3. 3 Direct Investment – ASMC Market share of Japanese imports in the U. S. automobile market and the overall automobile industry in the US surged during 1984 – 1985. Facing the upcoming entries of other overseas brands, Suzuki was unwilling to wait until 1989 to introduce the Suzuki name into the continental United States. With SJ413 (Samurai), Suzuki had the right product for the market whereas the continental United States was a piece of new land – a dealer network needed to be established, since there was no guarantee that GM would market any Suzuki vehicles other than the Sprint in the US market. Customs clearance issue was solved by exporting SJ413 without a back seat, under which circumstance the vehicle was classified as a truck by the US government. Trucks were not subject to Japanese VRA quotas; instead, they were subject to a 25% tariff, much higher than that on cars (2. 5%). Suzuki management was convinced that the time was right to enter the continental US market and believed the high tariff was worth paying. American Suzuki Motor Corporation (ASMC) was established for the development of a Suzuki dealer network in the United States. 4. 0 Marketing Strategy Analysis 4. 1Entry Strategy The market strategy used by Suzuki varies in accordance to the nature of the Market. This can be evidenced by looking at the strategy used in entering Canadian Market and the entry strategies used in the US market which in some way varied in different times. In Canada the entry strategy was a joint venture which also involved opening the manufacturing company in Canada. In US, the first strategy was to export the Suzuki Samurai manufactured in Japan to the US market meanwhile the later strategy was to export Suzuki Samurai from Canada under its own name, American Suzuki motor Corporation (ASMC) which would keep them competitive in the automotive industry. 4. 2 Distribution Strategy The ASMC under Mazza formulated a strategy to ensure the company achieves its goal of being a major car company in the US. The strategy was: †¢To build exclusive sales facilities for the Samurai which would include showroom, sales office, customer waiting and accessories display area. †¢A minimum of two service stalls dedicated to Suzuki and operated by Suzuki trained mechanics for service and parts. †¢A minimum of three sales people, two service technicians, one general manager and one general office clerk dedicated to the Suzuki dealership. †¢In the long run, with the growth of the product line dealer requirements would expand to include a full, exclusive facility complete with attached parts and services. Limit the number of Samurai dealer network to 47 so that ASMC could guarantee the minimum supply of 37 units per month to enable the dealer to breakeven and earn some profit. Assumption: Dealer has to sell 30 cars per month to breakeven. -If the dealer sells all allocated 37 cars in a month he will be expected to earn a monthly profit of $6300 (See Appendix 1) 4. 3 Pricing Strate gy ASMC’s pricing policy was to sell the basic Samurai at a retail price of $5995 and a dealer price of $5095 which was only 7. 5% higher than ASMC landed cost. The contribution expected by ASMC from each unit sold was $382 (See Appendix 6. ). The ASMC pricing strategy was to sell its high quality product at a competitive price of $5995 which was far below competitors’ price ranging from $10,000 to $13,000. This strategy would enable the company to sell higher volume at considerably low margin. 4. 4 Promotion and Advertising Strategy 4. 4. 1 Product and Positioning Strategy Samurai was planned to be poisoned in the market in three different categories based on its physical characteristics. It could be either, a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV), a compact pickup truck or a subcompact car. See the figure below: Table 4. 4. 1: Market Share 19841985 Ratio of Suzuki to Total Japanese cars import in US8. 5%4. 6% Ratio of Suzuki to Compact Sport Utility Vehicles0. 5%0. 5% Note: The Suzuki sales were only for Hawaii excluding the grey market in Florida and other markets in Puerto Rico, Guam, the US Virginia Islands and Panama. Douglas Mazza wanted a fresh approach for his companys new product so he gave the responsibility to keye/ donna/ pearlstein advertising agency, which had no experience in developing campaign for automobiles. After accepting he offer, Pearlstein and his associates scanned the industry practice for automobile advertising. They found out that the industry practice was to position vehicles according their physical characteristics. They also found out that best advertising strategy was to base on either its feature, benefit or price. It was from physical characteristics that they positioned Suzuki Samurai as a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV), a compact pickup truck or a subcompact car. The pros and cons of positioning the samurai in each of these segments individually are given below.